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Search for "few-layer graphene" in Full Text gives 28 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.
Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43
- GQDs with nanoscale size composed of few-layer graphene. These results confirm that the supernatant contains GQDs. Similarly, the supernatants from the CF/GQDs suspensions synthesized at 140 and 180 °C (Figure 2c) also contain graphene quantum dots (Figure 2c). Figure 3 presents some characterisations
On the use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize mass-produced graphene nanoplatelets
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 509–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.42
- , although quantification of the amount remains approximate. We therefore recommend this approach as a robust methodology for reliable characterization of mass-produced graphene-related 2D materials using confocal Raman spectroscopy. Keywords: few-layer graphene; graphene; metrology; quality control; Raman
- particular the absence of graphite or nanoscale graphite. It is important to recall that graphene has been defined as a “single layer of carbon atoms with each atom bound to three neighbours in a honeycomb structure” with materials with more than one layer defined as “few-layer graphene” or “graphene
- nanoplatelets” [6]. This assessment is generally based on examining the shape of the so-called 2D peak (ca. 2700 cm−1), which, for Bernal stacking, shows clear changes on going from single-layer through few-layer graphene to graphite [19]. Bulk graphite typically shows a signal comprising two components
Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32
- shown in Figure 9. The dumbbell-shape chamber consists of a narrow trench connecting two circular cavities, both of which are covered by few-layer graphene. Local electrodes at the bottom of each cavity allow to drive each graphene membrane individually, changing the pressure of the chamber through a
Assessment of the optical and electrical properties of light-emitting diodes containing carbon-based nanostructures and plasmonic nanoparticles: a review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1078–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.80
- thermal resistance between the device layers [37][38]. Furthermore, the transmittance of large-area few-layer graphene used as a current-spreading layer in InGaN-based UV LED is similar to the transmittance of ITO in the blue region (Figure 1a) [39]. Furthermore, the I–V results in Figure 1b show an
- -layer (4L) graphene and (b) the I–V characteristics of UV LED with and without few-layer graphene-based conductive electrodes. Figure 1a and Figure 1b were adapted from [39], with the permission of AIP Publishing. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy
A few-layer graphene/chlorin e6 hybrid nanomaterial and its application in photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1054–1061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.90
- the global health care sector. There is an urgent need to develop noninvasive, nontoxic, and new antinosocomial approaches that work more effectively and faster than current antibiotics. In this work, we report on a biocompatible hybrid nanomaterial composed of few-layer graphene and chlorin e6 (FLG
- ; few-layer graphene (FLG); hybrid nanomaterial; photodynamic therapy (PDT); photosensitizer; Introduction The frequency of fungal infections has notably increased in the last decades; for instance, Candida albicans is now reported as the fourth cause of nosocomial septicemia in the United States [1
- , due to their excellent physical and chemical properties (e.g., high surface area, excellent thermal and electric conductivity, high mechanical strength)[19][20][21]. Examples of graphene nanomaterials include single-layer graphene, few-layer graphene (FLG), graphene oxide (GO), and the reduced form of
Microwave-induced electric discharges on metal particles for the synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials under solvent-free conditions
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1019–1025, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.86
- -C3N4 (50 mg) is placed in a Teflon beaker and irradiated with microwaves. The products are collected from the lid of the reaction vessel. The above experiments are performed in air. Preparation of few-layer graphene and graphite oxide nanosheets In a typical experiment, 50 mg of acid-treated Zn metal
Measurement of electrostatic tip–sample interactions by time-domain Kelvin probe force microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 911–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.76
- electrostatic height errors (switch S1). The electrostatic force gradient between tip and sample is minimized by adding as a dc bias to Uts (switch S2). Open-loop TD-KFM of a few-layer graphene flake. (a) Topography, (b) estimated topography-induced frequency shift , (c) estimated surface potential , and (d
Direct growth of few-layer graphene on AlN-based resonators for high-sensitivity gravimetric biosensors
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 975–984, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.98
- Jimena Olivares Teona Mirea Lorena Gordillo-Dagallier Bruno Marco Jose Miguel Escolano Marta Clement Enrique Iborra GMME-CEMDATIC, ETSI de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain 10.3762/bjnano.10.98 Abstract We present the successful growth of few-layer graphene on top of AlN
- scientific community due to their extraordinary prospects for novel applications, such as highly sensitive biosensors that may offer continuous label-free measurement of key bio-active cell molecules [10]. Few-layer graphene grown on top of gravimetric transducers offers, a priori, one of the most versatile
- graphene appears to be more appropriate for the covalent functionalization scheme based on the generation of defects (COOH groups) through a plasma treatment. In this work, we demonstrate that few-layer graphene can be grown directly on top of SMR-type acoustic resonators without a noticeable degradation
Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2015–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.191
- possibilities. (b) N 1s core level spectra corresponding to 5 and 15 min nitrogen implantation of CVD few-layer graphene at 250 °C and 430 °C annealing from top to bottom, respectively; experimental data (dotted line), peaks resulting from a least-square fitting procedure (continuous red line). A Shirley-type
Synthesis of carbon nanowalls from a single-source metal-organic precursor
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1895–1905, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.181
- number of dangling bonds that act as nucleation sites for randomly orientated carbon nanoflakes. 2D growth and the subsequent formation of (few-layer) graphene sheets follow. The nanoflakes being almost vertically aligned on the substrate grow fastest to finally form vertically standing nanosheets. The
Graphene composites with dental and biomedical applicability
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 801–808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.73
- -1, Tsukuba, Japan Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan 10.3762/bjnano.9.73 Abstract Pure graphene in the form of few-layer graphene (FLG) – 1 to 6 layers – is biocompatible and non
- method to make large quantities of few-layer graphene which was then incorporated into a common dental polymer to fabricate graphene-composites which shows very promising mechanical properties. Keywords: biocompatibility; bioglass; graphene; mechanical properties; nanocomposite; Introduction Now that
- ]. Therefore, in these tests glass-ionomers (GIs) prepared with poly(acrylic acid), a common dental polymer [8], were used with the addition of few-layer graphene (FLG). Graphene has the advantages of having a high fracture and mechanical strength, a large surface area, flexibility and is also biocompatible
Review: Electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical switches – materials solutions and operational conditions
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 271–300, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.29
- layers of the graphene structure [26]. Few-layer graphene is more favourable for reversible switching due to higher stiffness than single-layer graphene, but it requires larger jump-in voltages as a consequence. Graphene NEM switches are fabricated using dry or polymer-assisted transfer techniques of
One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis and supercapacitor performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon–carbon nanotube hybrids
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2669–2679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.267
- nanoparticles are coated by few layer graphene-like material [19]. Dervishi et al. have synthesized nanoscale graphene structures or MWCNTs by varying the active catalyst loading in a Fe/Mo/MgO system using radio-frequency CCVD [20]. In the present work, we demonstrate a simultaneous CCVD synthesis of MWCNTs
A systematic study of the controlled generation of crystalline iron oxide nanoparticles on graphene using a chemical etching process
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2017–2025, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.202
- viability of the developed transfer method [40][41][42][43][44]. It is thus demonstrated that single to few layer graphene can be obtained with an average of one to three layers in a highly reproducable manner. High-resolution TEM images of the transferred graphene nicely confirm the results of the Raman
- indicate the synthesis of single to few layer graphene. b) and c) High-resolution TEM images of as-synthesized graphene. Characterization of CVD graphene transferred onto a TEM grid and a SiO2/Si wafer by the modified etching process. The etchant was 1 M iron(III) chloride in 10% hydrochloric acid solution
Process-specific mechanisms of vertically oriented graphene growth in plasmas
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1658–1670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.166
- this film is lower than that of a few-layer graphene (9.1 kΩ/sq for three layers) reported by Peng and co-workers [63]. Such direct growth on an insulating substrate at low temperature without post-growth treatment offers a good compatibility with the semiconductor processing technologies. A sheet
Study of the correlation between sensing performance and surface morphology of inkjet-printed aqueous graphene-based chemiresistors for NO2 detection
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1023–1031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.103
- 500 nm [8]. The concentration of the as-prepared few-layer graphene suspension, estimated through UV–vis spectroscopy, is 0.09 mg/mL (details about the UV–vis calibration curve are provided in Figure S1 of Supporting Information File 1). This value is expected because liquid-phase exfoliation
- processes of graphite usually lead to yields of few-layer graphene in suspension of around 10%. This can be further improved by complex recycling procedures [5][15]. However, as the printing process would benefit from the use of inks with higher concentrations of the active material, the suspension has been
Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74
- (Figure 1). Bottom-up growth of graphene includes micromechanical exfoliation of bulk graphite. The processes included in the bottom-up synthesis of graphene are CVD [39][40], arc discharge [41], and epitaxial growth [42]. Using CVD, graphene and few-layer graphene have been grown on catalytic metal
Nitrogen-doped twisted graphene grown on copper by atmospheric pressure CVD from a decane precursor
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 145–158, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.15
- . The formation of few layer graphene requires formation of the additional graphene layer (layers) on the top or underneath of a SLG. These processes are usually described by wedding cake (WC) [53][54] and inverse wedding cake (IWC) [55][56] models, respectively. Detailed experimental studies strongly
- , which inhibits the carbon adsorption and few layer graphene growth is favored [58]. Taking into account that double and few layer graphene is really synthesized under our experimental conditions, it is possible to conclude that the partial pressure of hydrogen is still above the threshold of H
Fundamental properties of high-quality carbon nanofoam: from low to high density
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2065–2073, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.197
- thickening of the walls of the graphitic scaffold. We assume that the wall structure starts with single- to few-layer graphene at the beginning of the carbonization process. Then, with further growth, additional layers of graphene are added to the wall structure. Therefore, the foams are light weight when
Characterisation of thin films of graphene–surfactant composites produced through a novel semi-automated method
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 209–219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.19
- subsequent reduction to graphene [5], and secondly it guarantees single-layer or few-layer graphene, rather than the potentially larger products or graphene sheets with an uneven size distribution that might be produced in other techniques such as mechanical exfoliation (the “scotch tape” method). The
Synthesis and applications of carbon nanomaterials for energy generation and storage
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 149–196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.17
Fabrication of hybrid graphene oxide/polyelectrolyte capsules by means of layer-by-layer assembly on erythrocyte cell templates
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2310–2318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.237
- ), which forms super strong sheets of carbon a single atom thick [8], result from its planar nature and the sp2 hybridization of its carbon atoms. Single layer, bi- and few-layer graphene are difficult to work with in soft matter or wet chemical applications because of dispersibility issues and the
Electron and heat transport in porphyrin-based single-molecule transistors with electro-burnt graphene electrodes
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1413–1420, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.146
- in the porphyrin central group in the LUMO and LUMO+1 state. Electro-burnt graphene electrodes Feedback-controlled electro-burnt graphene (EBG) electrodes with nanometre separation were formed using mechanically exfoliated, few-layer graphene [9] and CVD-grown, monolayer graphene [17][18]. To form
Enhancing the thermoelectric figure of merit in engineered graphene nanoribbons
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1176–1182, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.119
- scattering region and S is the overlap matrix. Results and Discussion Thermal properties of graphene Carbon-based materials show a wide range of thermal properties from about 0.01 W·mK−1 in amorphous carbon to above 2,000 W·mK−1 at room temperature in graphene [1][16][17][18][19] and even higher in few layer
- graphene [20]. This means that 2D graphene and its multilayer counterparts are useful for thermal management applications [21]. The high thermal conductivity of the graphene is mainly due to the high phonon contribution to heat transport. Therefore, for thermoelectricity applications, one needs to engineer
Electroburning of few-layer graphene flakes, epitaxial graphene, and turbostratic graphene discs in air and under vacuum
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 711–719, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.72
- promising for molecular electronics and spintronics. Here we report a systematic characterization of the electroburning (EB) process, leading to the formation of nanometer-spaced gaps, on different types of few-layer graphene (namely mechanically exfoliated graphene on SiO2, graphene epitaxially grown on
- plasma etching [17][18][19]. In order to address individual molecules the electroburning (EB) technique has been employed on exfoliated few-layer graphene on a substrate, showing electrostatic gating in molecular units at room temperature [10]. More recently, it has been shown how the yield of
- important to test it also on other types of graphene. In particular, since many envisaged applications require the use of a gate electrode to tune the molecular junctions properties, it seems appealing the use of few-layer graphene, which is still thin but much less gate-dependent than the single layer [10
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